Population

At the end of 2008, Mongolian population reached 2 million and 683 thousand. About 60% of Mongolia’s population is urban, and more than half the urban population lives in Ulaanbaatar. In terms of the age structure, about 36 percent of total population are people with the age of 15-64, 36 percent - 0-14, and 4 percent of total population are the people with the age above 64.

Race

There are 29 ethnic groups in Mongolia, all of whom are the descendants of either Mongolian nomadic tribes or groups of Turkic origin who have become Mongolized over time. Khalkh Mongols constitute 86% of the population. The other significant ethnic groups are Kazakhs (6%) in the west of the country and Buriates (2%) in the north. Ethnic distinctions among the Mongol subgroups are relatively minor. Language or tribal differences are not a political or social issue. Mongolians are a peaceful nation.

Religion

Mongolians 94% practice Tibetan Buddhism, followed by Islam (6%), Christianity and Shamanism (2%).
 
Language

The official language of Mongolia is Khalkha Mongolian, which uses the Cyrillic alphabet, and is spoken by 90% of the population. A variety of different dialects are spoken across the country. In the west the Kazakh and Tuvan languages, among others, are also spoken. The Russian language is the most frequently spoken foreign language in Mongolia, followed by English, though English has been gradually replacing Russian as the second language
 
Educational system

Mongolian educations system consists of basic education, undergraduate education, post graduate education and vocational trainings. Basic education is 11 years, undergraduate education is about 4-6 years and post graduate education and vocational trainings vary depend on the subject.
 
National currency
 
Mongolian national currency is Tugrug and the notes currently using in circulation are 20000, 10000, 5000, 1000, 500, 100, 50, 20, 10. Approximate exchange rate is 1 USD = 1435 Tugrug /as of 30June2009, Mongol Bank rate/
Currency rate in tugrugs